The Digestive Worksheet

1.What is the digestive tract? * A long continuous tube with food first entering at the mouth.
2.What happens to undigested materials in the digestive tract? *It continues down along the tube until it comes out through the anus along with dead cells.
3.Sketch the path that food takes through the digestive tract. Be sure to include the mouth, esophagus, stomach, duodenum, small intestine, appendix, large intestine rectum, and all 4 sphincters. ** On a separate piece of paper ***
4.What is the function of the mouth in the digestion process? * The mouth is used to break down the food with the teeth, tongue, and the muscle movements.
5.What is the term for the small mass of food that enters into the esophagus? * Bolus
6.What triggers
peristalsis? * The presence of bolus in the esophagus
7.What is the function of the cardiac sphincter? *Closes the entrance of the stomach.
8.What is the mucous membrane? * The coating over the stomach wall which prevents digestion of itself.
9.How long is the small intestine? * Over 20 feet long
10.Where does most digestion and absorption of nutrients take place? * Small Intestines
11.What increase the surface area of the small intestine? *The Villi
12.What is the first section of the small intestine? What is its function? *The Duodenum- the receptors detect the presence of hypo and their hypo tonic solutions, acid and chemical changes in the chime.
13.Where is bile stored? * In the Gallbladder
14.What is segmentation? * A type of muscle contraction
15.When does the ileocecal sphincter open? *It opens when the build up of food in the small intestines reaches a certain point.
16.What is the function of the anal sphincter? * Stops waste from leaving the body until it is desired.
17.What is the function of the appendix in humans? * No function in humans, it may be removed when infected or desired.
18.Where does digestion begin? * Mouth
19.What is gastric juice made of? * Hydrochloric acids and enzymes
20.Where are enzymes released in the small intestine produced? * Pancreas and intestinal glands
21.What is the function of the following enzymes: amylase, lactase, maltase, sucrase, and lipase? * Amylase- Completes the process of hydrolyzing starch * Lactase- Breaks down lactose * Maltase- Breaks down maltose * Sucrase- Breaks down surcrose * Lipase- Breaks down the lipase
22.There are two ways that nutrients get into the blood stream. Describe each method. * There are the methods in which the substances diffuse across the intestinal membrane. Also by blood flowing along the concentration gradient. * Other methods are by substances being forced through the membrane against a gradient. Greater than it is in the intestinal lumen.